Andrew Badham 2026-02-04 09:43:44
We often think of narcissists as loud, charming, and status-obsessed. However, recent psychological research suggests a more subtle, often overlooked manifestation: the perpetual victim. While genuine victimisation is a tragic reality for many, "victim signalling"—the tendency to frequently portray oneself as the target of others' unfairness—can sometimes be a calculated social strategy. Here is what the latest research tells us about the link between victimhood and narcissism.
Understanding the Two Faces of Narcissism
To understand victim signalling, we must first distinguish between the two primary types of narcissism.
1. Grandiose Narcissism
This is the "classic" narcissist. Characterised by high extraversion and low agreeableness, these individuals seek status, recognition, and power. They are often charismatic and appear highly confident.
2. Vulnerable Narcissism
Vulnerable narcissists share the same underlying need for validation but lack the outgoing confidence of their grandiose counterparts. Instead, they often exhibit:
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High Neuroticism: They are more likely to feel upset, anxious, or slighted when things go wrong.
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Low Extraversion: They may appear shy or withdrawn.
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Hypersensitivity: They perceive neutral situations as personal attacks.
Why Do Narcissists Signal Victimhood?
Researchers have found that vulnerable narcissists use victim signalling as a tool for social manipulation. By positioning themselves as the "wronged party," they achieve several goals:
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Resource Acquisition: Signalling distress often triggers support, time, or financial help from others.
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Deflecting Accountability: It is difficult to hold someone responsible for their mistakes if they have successfully framed themselves as the victim of "unfair" circumstances.
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Relationship Control: It creates a dynamic where others feel the need to "walk on eggshells" to avoid further upsetting them.
The Personality Profile: The Big Five Traits
The study highlights how narcissism interacts with the Big Five Personality Traits. While both types score low on Agreeableness, the vulnerable narcissist’s high Neuroticism score is what drives the frequent feelings of being treated unfairly. When things don't go their way, they don't just feel unlucky; they feel targeted.
Key Distinction: The researchers emphasise that this study should not be used to dismiss real victimisation. Historically marginalised groups or individuals facing genuine workplace bullying do not fit this profile. Victim signalling is defined by the frequent and suspicious recurrence of victimhood in the absence of objective evidence.
How to Manage These Dynamics in the Workplace
If you have a colleague or acquaintance who seems to be "the victim" in every situation, rushing to the rescue may actually reinforce the behaviour.
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Evaluate Objectively: Step back and look at the facts. Is there a pattern of "misfortune" that only seems to happen to this specific person?
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Maintain Boundaries: Avoid becoming the permanent "rescuer." Offer support that encourages problem-solving rather than just providing a sympathetic ear for complaints.
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Encourage Critical Thinking: Shift the conversation toward actionable steps they can take to change the situation, rather than focusing solely on the "unfairness" of it.
Conclusion: Empathy with Objectivity
Learning about victim signalling isn't about becoming less empathetic or dismissive of others' pain. It is about thinking critically regarding the information we receive. By understanding the psychological drivers behind these behaviours, we can build healthier, more honest relationships and professional environments.